百度百科用户参与行为与参与动机关系的实证研究   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

常静  杨建梅 《科学学研究》2009,27(8):1213-1219

 百度百科是采用大众生产这一新型知识生产方式运作的在线百科。本文以百度百科为对象,构建了百度百科用户参与动机与参与行为关系的结构方程模型。结果显示：实用价值动机、兴趣动机、胜任性动机、交往动机和求知动机皆影响其参与行为。  相似文献   

面向预印本系统的自组织同行评议及激励机制研究     

石进  苗杰  李明 《现代情报》2009,39(12):88-100

[目的/意义] 在线科研与开放存取日益成为学者科研的主流趋势,预印本系统作为一种在线学术交流平台,以学界自治为基础,具有科研交流效率高、速度快、民主化等特点,然而由于缺乏配套的质量控制与学术评价机制使其发展遭遇瓶颈。[方法/过程] 有学者提出了一种自组织同行评议模式适应开放存取环境下的学术评议活动,本文在此基础上扩展,提出在线论文评分模型和虚拟积分激励机制,实现对预印本论文的学术评价和对预印本系统用户的激励管理。[结果/结论] 弥补传统同行评议模式存在评审过程不够透明、评议结果不够公正、对评议者缺乏激励等问题。这种新的学术评价模式具有科学高效、客观公正、公开透明等特点。  相似文献   

Possible factors influencing Asian students' degree of participation in peer-facilitated online discussion forums: a case study     

Khe Foon Hew  Wing Sum Cheung 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》2010,30(1):85-104

This study investigated possible factors that might influence the degree of student participation in asynchronous online discussion forums. Degree of participation refers to the number of messages posted by the students. Data were collected from 41 forums, students' reflection logs, and students' interviews. Of these 41 forums, the top third forums (n = 14) in terms of the highest frequency of participant postings were identified. Fourteen less frequent forums were randomly chosen from the remaining forums. We also assessed the quality of the discussions found in both the more frequent and less frequent groups by examining the levels of knowledge construction exhibited in the online postings. We found that that the quality of contributions in the more frequent group was greater than those found in the less frequent group in terms of higher knowledge construction levels. Quantitative analyses showed that the duration of the discussion could not account for the difference between the two groups. Instead, the more and less frequent forums differed in terms of group size, as well as the frequency of two habits of mind displayed by the student facilitators: (a) is aware of own thinking, and (b) is accurate and seeks accuracy. Qualitative analyses of the reflection logs and interviews suggested several other important factors that could also influence students' decision to participate: (a) familiarity with the facilitator, (b) mutual obligation to help each other, (c) knowledge about the topic, and (d) availability of time. Implications of the findings and suggestions for future research are provided.  相似文献   

Accreditation system for technical education programmes in India: A critical review     

G. Prasad 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2010,35(2):187-213

This paper gives an overview of the Indian technical education system with regard to both its quantitative and qualitative scenario and upholds the value of accreditation in quality improvement and quality assurance of educational programmes. The paper presents a comparison of accreditation systems being followed in some important countries, including India, that are signatories or provisional members of Washington Accord. It also looks into the reasons of the sparse level of accreditation work completed by the National Board of Accreditation (NBA) since its inception. While mentioning strengths of the NBA accreditation system, the paper points out some shortcomings in the policy, self-assessment questionnaire, criteria, weightage assigned to criteria and rating scheme followed by NBA. Some important recommendations have also been made to render the accreditation system more effective and acceptable to various stakeholders of the technical education sector in India.  相似文献   

Chemistry Is in the News: assessing intra‐group peer review     

Kathleen M. Carson 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2010,35(4):381-402

Interdisciplinarity is rapidly becoming a norm within both the professional and academic worlds, and the ability to collaborate is becoming an essential skill for all graduates. Chemistry Is in the News (CIITN) is a curriculum that aims to teach students this skill by engaging student collaborative groups in a project that ties real world events and topics to the content taught in the classroom. While the collaborative activity has been successful in many ways, the challenge of maintaining individual accountability within the collaborative activity has persisted. The need to balance the tension between promoting collaboration and maintaining individual performance standards drove the development of an intra‐group peer review system. In developing this peer review system, four goals guide the design: the desire to promote collaboration, to produce a differentiated score among group members reflecting the contribution each person made, to improve student perception of fairness and accuracy in the assessment process of CIITN and to avoid artificially inflating students’ grades. The system was assessed in the winter semester of 2004 in a large lecture course at a major Midwestern university via student questionnaires and the CIITN scores. Evidence is provided to suggest that the intra‐group peer review system has met its core goals.  相似文献   

Reciprocal peer coaching and its use as a formative assessment strategy for first‐year students     

Amanda Asghar 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2010,35(4):403-417

Co‐operative learning is underused as a teaching and learning strategy in higher education and yet is ideal for courses that require students to learn skills that require manual dexterity, knowledge and clinical reasoning – key elements of professional and clinical competence. Reciprocal peer coaching (RPC) is a form of co‐operative or peer‐assisted learning that encourages individual students in small groups to coach each other in turn so that the outcome of the process is a more rounded understanding and a more skilful execution of the task in hand than if the student was learning in isolation. Used as a formative assessment strategy, RPC has the capacity to increase motivation in students due to the nature of the shared interdependent goal, and to provide immediate feedback to students on completion of the assessment. The purpose of this research was to interview a group of first‐year students to elicit their perceptions of the RPC process. The data were analysed from a phenomenological perspective and revealed three themes: motivating learning, learning in groups and the context of learning. The findings were subsequently explored in relation to the concept of self‐regulation of learning and the benefits which RPC as a formative assessment strategy has in promoting students’ self‐regulation.  相似文献   

‘Two's up and poncing fags’: young women's smoking practices,reciprocity and friendship     

Fin Cullen 《Gender and education》2010,22(5):491-504

Over the past decade much has been written by journalists, policy makers, and academics, about young women's leisure time pursuits. A great deal of this interest has focused around a concern that teenage girls in the UK are taking up smoking in larger numbers than their male peers. This paper draws on findings from my small‐scale doctoral research into teenage girls' use of tobacco and alcohol in a town in southern England. I examine young women's use of cigarettes as an informal social currency, and as a way of thinking about such tobacco use beyond the deficit model of the young female smoker common to many drugs education interventions. In this paper I draw upon theoretical material from the social theories of exchange to explore how young women's reciprocal networks of cigarettes operate to underpin friendships and mobilise power within girls' social networks. I explore how smoking as a reciprocal gift‐giving practice supports and maintains friendship groups and particular gendered practices. My argument is that teen girls create and sustain bonds of friendship through their use and exchange of cigarettes. I want to suggest that within the girls' friendship groups, the flow of branded cigarettes as a resource highlights alliances, inter‐group rivalries, and provides space for the production and negotiation of teenage ‘cool’ femininities.  相似文献   

文献检索系统的收录要求对期刊质量的影响     

田宏志  赵阳  安治国 《情报科学》2012,(7):1054-1056

通过分析国际重要检索系统的收录要求与科技期刊质量的相关关系,得出以下几个主要结论:检索系统的学科范围要求对期刊的栏目设置有重要影响;检索系统对同行评审制度的要求对期刊编委的聘任标准和审稿人数据库的建立有重要影响;检索系统对收录数据的质量要求对期刊文摘等的撰写质量有重要影响。  相似文献   

宿舍心理气象员队伍建设难点及解决途径     

戴银 《大众科技》2012,(12):130-132

宿舍心理气象员制度是朋辈辅导的一种较好的应用形式,通过宿舍心理气象员可以掌握大学生真实心理健康状态、动态变化状况,也可以有效传递心理健康知识,预防异常心理问题的发生。宿舍心理气象员队伍建设存在一定的难点,文章对此进行了剖析并提出解决途径。  相似文献   

学术自由和自由探究     

科尔 《科学文化评论》2012,9(5):33-62

本文回顾了学术自由与自由探究这一美国大学最为重要的价值观,从一战到冷战再到小布什执政时期受到攻击和侵蚀,以及大学及其领导人如何回应这些攻击的历史。在人们感到国家安全处于危机时,个人权利和学术自由往往成了牺牲品。从机构的层面来看,布什政府时期学术自由受到威胁的程度甚至大于冷战时期。因此,重申学术自由的理念、捍卫教师的权力和大学自治的原则,是美国的一项重要任务。学术自由旨在建立一套大学治理的结构关系和价值观,捍卫大学的治理规则,这些规则界定了教师在大学里享有的特权,它“是使整个学术事业合法化的关键概念”,亦是大学和美国社会建立的一种关键性的契约。只有保证学术自由,大学和社会才能取得双赢。  相似文献